Hyperpigmentation refers to darkening of the skin due to excess melanin production and includes a number of manifestations like age spots, melasma, and post-inflammatory expressions after eczema flare-ups. Melasma usually appears as broad patches on the face while other types of hyperpigmentation can be found anywhere on the body.
Causes
Hyperpigmentation is primarily caused by hormonal changes, sun exposure, and genetic predisposition. Certain medications, tobacco smoke, exposure to heavy metals, and adrenal insufficiency can also be triggers. Melasma, a type of hyperpigmentation, is more common in women and is usually caused by hormonal changes seen in pregnancies and while taking birth
control.
